The implementation of TS MAC (transmitter station monitor, alarmand control) system for digital DBS system

The implementation of TS MAC system for KOREASAT DBS (direct broadcast satellite) system is presented. This TS MAC controls and monitors the status of the TS equipment and gathers the alarm for them. The advantage of this system is the center-concentrated, real time processing, remote control, and object oriented module decomposing     

Mathematical and experimental investigation of the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) of TiAl3 and Ni3Al intermetallic compounds

One-dimensional mathematical modeling was used to describe the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) process for preparing TiAl₃ and Ni₃Al intermetallics. The kinetic parameters (activation energies and pre-exponential factors) for the two compounds were obtained by matching experimental measurement and the numerical solution. The results thus obtained were compared with rate parameters obtained using different methods. The activation energy was 483 and 283 kJ mol^?1 for the formation of TiAl₃ and Ni₃Al, respectively. The temperature profiles calculated using the mathematical model were compared with experimental measurements for both aluminides which indicated reasonable agreement. Fine particle size and moderate preheating increase the SHS rates.     

Kinetics of zinc oxide formation from zinc sulfide by reaction with lime in the presence of water vapor

A novel reaction scheme for transforming certain metal sulfides to the corresponding oxides has been developed. In this process, steam oxidizes the sulfide into the oxide, and the hydrogen sulfide produced reacts with lime to form calcium sulfide and regenerate steam. There is no net consumption or generation of gaseous species. Thus, the overall reaction can be carried out in a closed system as far as the gas phase is concerned. This eliminates the possibility of emitting hydrogen sulfide out of the reactor. Only certain metal sulfides are thermodynamically amenable to this treatment. In this paper, the reaction of ZnS to ZnO by this scheme is described, together with a detailed formulation of the rate equation for the overall reaction based on the kinetics of the component gas-solid reactions. Although the present work was done with CaO, other suitable oxides may be used in its place. A further potential application of this process is to the selective oxidation of certain sulfide(s) from complex sulfide ores as a treatment prior to the separation of minerals.     

BioFET sensor for detection of albumin in urine

Characterisation of a BioFET for detection of albumin in a mixture of human urine is presented. To avoid electrolyte effect of the urine, it was measured in PBS (phosphate buffer saline) at a fixed pH after albumin binding. The drain current was modulated by the albumin bound to the anti-albumin immobilised on the gate surface of the BioFET. The current variation ratio was likely to be proportional to the concentration of the albumin in the range 50-250 mg/1. The results show the feasibility of the BioFET as a urinary albumin sensor.     

An Inductively Coupled Lamb Wave Transducer

Wafer-type piezoelectric transducers are effective transducers for the excitation and detection of ultrasonic Lamb waves in plate-like structures. Such transducers are, however, vulnerable to corrosion and physical damage when mounted in exposed locations. In this paper we describe an inductively coupled Lamb wave transducer that eliminates the need for direct electrical connections. Signals are coupled into and out of the transducer using two probe coils. In this paper we explore the operation of inductively coupled transducers both analytically and experimentally. Finite-element analysis is used to determine inductances and the coupling constant, and electrical circuit analysis to determine the transfer function and its dependence on the gap between the probe coils and the transducer. Experiments show that return signals of millivolt amplitude are obtained when the transducer is excited with 10-V amplitude pulses. These transducers are suitable for permanent mounting on structures to be monitored for cracks or flaws     

The catalytic activity and surface characterization of Ln2B2O7 (Ln=Sm, Eu, Gd and Tb; B=Ti or Zr) with pyrochlore structure as novel CH4 combustion catalyst

Ln₂B₂O₇ (Ln=Sm, Eu, Gd and Tb; B=Zr or Ti) with pyrochlore structure was prepared by sol–gel method for the high-temperature catalytic combustion. The crystal structure of Ln₂B₂O₇ was identified by XRD and their surface area was about 4 m²/g after calcinations at 1200 °C. Catalytic activity of methane combustion was observed for Ln₂Zr₂O₇ series and the best catalyst was Sm₂Zr₂O₇. Its relative reaction rate per unit surface area at 600 °C was 2 cm³/m² min, which was twice higher than that of Mn-substituted Sr hexaaluminate. From surface analysis by XPS, the low binding energy of each Ln element of Ln₂Zr₂O₇ compared to that of Ln₂Ti₂O₇, gave the catalytic activity of methane combustion.     

Monoclonal antibody-based competitive ELISA for simultaneous detection of rinderpest virus and peste des petits ruminants virus antibodies

An experimental competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (morbillivirus cELISA) using a recombinant N antigen (rRPV N) expressed in a baculovirus and a ruminant morbillivirus (RPV and PPRV)-specific monoclonal antibody (P-13A9) was developed for simultaneous detection of rinderpest virus (RPV) and peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) antibodies and its diagnostic performance was evaluated. A set of known reference antisera against RPV and PPRV belonging to different lineages, experimental sera from cattle vaccinated for a RPV of Asian lineage, and field sera from cattle and sheep/goat populations known to be positive (West Africa) and negative (Korea) for RPV and PPRV were used for the evaluation. Morbillivirus cELISA results on the panel of experimental RPV and PPRV antisera showed high correlation (r=0.97) between the whole virus and the rRPV N antigens, suggesting that the rRPV N contains a ruminant morbillivirus-specific antigenic determinant recognized by the P-13A9 and it may be suitable as an ELISA antigen in place of the whole virus. Morbillivirus cELISA detected anti-RPV and anti-PPRV antibodies in all reference RPV and PPRV antisera containing VN titers >/=1:8, suggesting that the assay can simultaneously detect antibodies against RPV and PPRV. Anti-RPV antibody was detected by morbillivirus cELISA in vaccinated cattle as early as the VNT and continued to be detectable by both the cELISA and the VNT until termination of the study. When applied to field samples from Africa, morbillivirus cELISA showed good agreement with a RP cELISA kit (kappa value of 0.86) in bovine sera and with a peste des petits ruminant cELISA kit (kappa value of 0.81) in caprine/ovine sera. Usefulness of morbillivirus cELISA using the rRPV N protein was discussed.     

Cross-specialty linkage and extrapolation of resource-based relative value scales

We used the fluorescent labelled dopamine D1-receptor antagonist Bodipy-SCH 23390 for the cellular localization of D1-ligand binding sites in the retinae of different vertebrates (teleosts, Xenopus, turtle, rat and rabbit). Competition experiments with unfixed cryosections of fish retina were performed to characterize the binding conditions of Bodipy-labelled SCH 23390. Tissue bound [3H]SCH 23390 was displaceable with increased amounts of bodipy-SCH 23390. The pharmacological specificity of the D1 fluorescent antagonist was determined by competition experiments with an excess of unlabelled SCH 23390. This treatment significantly reduced the level of fluorescence of the retina confirming the specificity of the binding. We observed a homogeneously distributed fluorescence signal in both plexiform layers in unfixed cryosections of fish, frog, turtle, rat and rabbit. Similar staining intensities of both plexiform layers were found in frog, turtle, rat and rabbit retina. In teleosts, the label of the outer plexiform layer was markedly more intense. Non-specific label was associated with photoreceptor outer and inner segments. The specific labelling of both plexiform layers indicates a mismatch of dopamine releasing and D1-binding sites, and suggests a possible extrasynaptic localization of the D1-receptor. The physiological significance of the observed distribution of D1-ligand binding sites is discussed with respect to the role of dopamine in controlling adaptational processes in the retina.